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# Initialize a dictionary
my_dict = {
        "name": "Ram",
            "age": 25,
                "city": "Bellary",
                    "profession": "Engineer"
}

# 1. Accessing values using [] (key)
def access_by_key(my_dict, key):
    try:
            value = my_dict[key]
                    print(f"The value for key '{key}' is: {value}")
                        except KeyError:
                                print(f"Key '{key}' not found in the dictionary")


                                # 2. Traversing the dictionary
                                def traverse_dict(my_dict):
                                    print("Traversing the dictionary:")
                                        for key in my_dict:
                                                print(f"{key}: {my_dict[key]}")


                                                # 3. Using keys() method to get all keys
                                                def get_keys(my_dict):
                                                    keys = my_dict.keys()
                                                        print("Keys in the dictionary:", list(keys))


                                                        # 4. Using values() method to get all values
                                                        def get_values(my_dict):
                                                            values = my_dict.values()
                                                                print("Values in the dictionary:", list(values))


                                                                # 5. Using items() method to get key-value pairs
                                                                def get_items(my_dict):
                                                                    items = my_dict.items()
                                                                        print("Key-value pairs in the dictionary:")
                                                                            for key, value in items:
                                                                                    print(f"{key}: {value}")


                                                                                    # Demonstrating dictionary operations
                                                                                    print("Initial Dictionary:", my_dict)

                                                                                    # Access specific values
                                                                                    access_by_key(my_dict, "name")
                                                                                    access_by_key(my_dict, "age")
                                                                                    access_by_key(my_dict, "country")   # This will raise KeyError

                                                                                    # Traversing the dictionary
                                                                                    traverse_dict(my_dict)

                                                                                    # Dictionary methods
                                                                                    get_keys(my_dict)
                                                                                    get_values(my_dict)
                                                                                    get_items(my_dict)
}