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Arrays and Strings:
- Understanding arrays, strings, and their operations.
- Working with multidimensional arrays.
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Linked Lists:
- Singly linked lists, doubly linked lists, and circular linked lists.
- Basic operations (insertion, deletion, traversal).
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Stacks and Queues:
- Implementing stacks and queues using arrays and linked lists.
- Operations like push, pop, enqueue, and dequeue.
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Trees and Binary Trees:
- Understanding different types of trees (binary trees, binary search trees, AVL trees, etc.).
- Traversing algorithms (in-order, pre-order, post-order).
- Tree balancing techniques.
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Graphs:
- Understanding graph representation (adjacency matrix, adjacency list).
- Basic graph algorithms (BFS, DFS).
- Shortest path algorithms (Dijkstra's, Bellman-Ford).
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Sorting and Searching:
- Common sorting algorithms (e.g., Bubble Sort, Selection Sort, Merge Sort, Quick Sort).
- Binary search and its variations.
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Hashing:
- Understanding hash functions and collision resolution techniques.
- Working with hash maps.
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Dynamic Programming:
- Solving problems using bottom-up and top-down approaches.
- Understanding memoization and tabulation.
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Recursion:
- Understanding recursive functions and solving problems recursively.
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Greedy Algorithms:
- Understanding the greedy approach and its application in solving optimization problems.
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Bit Manipulation:
- Working with bitwise operations.
- Solving problems related to bitwise manipulation.
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Complexity Analysis (Big O Notation):
- Analyzing the time and space complexity of algorithms.
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Space and Time Trade-offs:
- Understanding when to optimize for space or time, depending on the problem.
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Problem Solving Skills:
- Practicing coding problems on platforms like LeetCode, HackerRank, and GeeksforGeeks.