Untitled

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

# Create figure and axis
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10, 6))

# Draw the boundary between air and glass
ax.hlines(0, -1, 2, colors='black', linewidth=2)  # Boundary line
ax.text(0, 0.02, 'Glass', horizontalalignment='center', fontsize=12)
ax.text(0, -0.1, 'Air', horizontalalignment='center', fontsize=12)

# Incident ray
incident_angle = 45
ax.plot([0, 1], [0, np.tan(np.radians(-incident_angle))], color='blue', linewidth=2, label='Incident Ray')
ax.text(1, np.tan(np.radians(-incident_angle)) / 2, '45°', fontsize=12, color='blue', horizontalalignment='left')

# Normal line
ax.vlines(0, -0.5, 0.5, colors='red', linestyle='dashed', linewidth=1.5)
ax.text(-0.05, 0.25, 'Normal', color='red', fontsize=12)

# Refracted ray
refracted_angle = 28.1
ax.plot([0, 1.5], [0, -1.5 * np.tan(np.radians(-refracted_angle))], color='green', linewidth=2, label='Refracted Ray')
ax.text(1.5, -1.5 * np.tan(np.radians(-refracted_angle)) / 2, '28.1°', fontsize=12, color='green', horizontalalignment='left')

# Exiting ray
ax.plot([0, 2.5], [-1.5 * np.tan(np.radians(-refracted_angle)), -1.5 * np.tan(np.radians(-refracted_angle)) + 1], color='orange', linewidth=2, label='Exiting Ray')
ax.text(2.5, -1.5 * np.tan(np.radians(-refracted_angle)) + 0.5, 'Displacement', fontsize=12, color='orange', horizontalalignment='left')

# Adding displacement line
ax.hlines(-1.5 * np.tan(np.radians(-refracted_angle)), 0, 1, colors='orange', linestyle='dotted')
ax.text(0.5, -1.5 * np.tan(np.radians(-refracted_angle)) - 0.3, '1.6 mm', fontsize=12, color='orange', horizontalalignment='center')

# Formatting the plot
ax.set_xlim(-1, 3)
ax.set_ylim(-2, 1)
ax.set_xlabel('Position')
ax.set_ylabel('Height')
ax.set_title('Refraction of Light through a Glass Plate')
ax.axhline(0, color='black', lw=2)  # Ground line
ax.legend()
ax.grid(False)
ax.axis('off')  # Turn off the axis

# Show the plot
plt.show()