Untitled

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Function to plot electric field lines
def plot_field_lines(q, pos, num_lines, ax, label):
    # Create a grid
    x = np.linspace(-5, 5, 20)
    y = np.linspace(-5, 5, 20)
    X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y)

    # Calculate the electric field components
    r = np.sqrt((X - pos[0])**2 + (Y - pos[1])**2)
    Ex = (q * (X - pos[0])) / r**3
    Ey = (q * (Y - pos[1])) / r**3

    # Normalize the field lines
    E_magnitude = np.sqrt(Ex**2 + Ey**2)
    Ex_normalized = Ex / E_magnitude
    Ey_normalized = Ey / E_magnitude

    # Plot the field lines
    for i in range(num_lines):
        start_x = pos[0] + 0.1 * np.cos(i * (2 * np.pi / num_lines))
        start_y = pos[1] + 0.1 * np.sin(i * (2 * np.pi / num_lines))
        ax.quiver(start_x, start_y, Ex_normalized[start_y, start_x] * 0.5, Ey_normalized[start_y, start_x] * 0.5,
                   angles='xy', scale_units='xy', scale=1, color='b')

    # Mark the charge position
    ax.scatter(*pos, color='red', s=100)
    ax.text(pos[0], pos[1] + 0.3, label, fontsize=12, ha='center')

# Create figure
fig, axs = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=(12, 6))

# Plot for +2q
plot_field_lines(q=2, pos=(1, 0), num_lines=8, ax=axs[0], label='+2q')

# Plot for -3q
plot_field_lines(q=-3, pos=(-1, 0), num_lines=12, ax=axs[1], label='-3q')

# Set limits and labels
for ax in axs:
    ax.set_xlim(-5, 5)
    ax.set_ylim(-5, 5)
    ax.set_aspect('equal')
    ax.axhline(0, color='black', lw=0.5, ls='--')
    ax.axvline(0, color='black', lw=0.5, ls='--')
    ax.set_title('Electric Field Lines')
    ax.set_xlabel('x-axis')
    ax.set_ylabel('y-axis')

plt.tight_layout()

# Save the figure
plt.savefig('electric_field_lines.png', dpi=300)
plt.show()