Untitled

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import networkx as nx

# Initialize the directed graph
G = nx.DiGraph()

# Add nodes and edges for Microevolution
G.add_node("Microevolution", color='skyblue', size=3000)
G.add_node("Mutation", color='lightgreen', size=2000)
G.add_node("Natural Selection", color='lightgreen', size=2000)
G.add_node("Genetic Drift", color='lightgreen', size=2000)
G.add_node("Gene Flow", color='lightgreen', size=2000)
G.add_node("Small-scale Changes", color='lightcoral', size=2500)
G.add_node("Observable in Short Time", color='lightcoral', size=2500)
G.add_node("Examples: Antibiotic Resistance, Finch Beaks", color='lightcoral', size=2500)

G.add_edges_from([
    ("Microevolution", "Mutation"),
    ("Microevolution", "Natural Selection"),
    ("Microevolution", "Genetic Drift"),
    ("Microevolution", "Gene Flow"),
    ("Microevolution", "Small-scale Changes"),
    ("Microevolution", "Observable in Short Time"),
    ("Microevolution", "Examples: Antibiotic Resistance, Finch Beaks")
])

# Add nodes and edges for Macroevolution
G.add_node("Macroevolution", color='skyblue', size=3000)
G.add_node("Speciation", color='lightgreen', size=2000)
G.add_node("Adaptive Radiation", color='lightgreen', size=2000)
G.add_node("Mass Extinctions", color='lightgreen', size=2000)
G.add_node("Large-scale Changes", color='lightcoral', size=2500)
G.add_node("Observable in Long Time", color='lightcoral', size=2500)
G.add_node("Examples: Mammalian Evolution, Plant Diversification", color='lightcoral', size=2500)

G.add_edges_from([
    ("Macroevolution", "Speciation"),
    ("Macroevolution", "Adaptive Radiation"),
    ("Macroevolution", "Mass Extinctions"),
    ("Macroevolution", "Large-scale Changes"),
    ("Macroevolution", "Observable in Long Time"),
    ("Macroevolution", "Examples: Mammalian Evolution, Plant Diversification")
])

# Add commonalities
G.add_node("Common Mechanisms", color='lavender', size=3000)
G.add_node("Mutation, Natural Selection, Genetic Drift, Gene Flow", color='lavender', size=2500)
G.add_node("Evidence: Fossils, Genetics, Anatomy, Biogeography", color='lavender', size=2500)

G.add_edges_from([
    ("Common Mechanisms", "Mutation, Natural Selection, Genetic Drift, Gene Flow"),
    ("Common Mechanisms", "Evidence: Fossils, Genetics, Anatomy, Biogeography"),
    ("Microevolution", "Common Mechanisms"),
    ("Macroevolution", "Common Mechanisms")
])

# Define node attributes
colors = nx.get_node_attributes(G, 'color').values()
sizes = [G.nodes[node]['size'] for node in G.nodes]

# Plot the concept map
plt.figure(figsize=(14, 10))
pos = nx.spring_layout(G, seed=42)  # for better layout
nx.draw(G, pos, with_labels=True, node_color=colors, node_size=sizes, font_size=10, font_weight='bold', edge_color='gray')
plt.title("Concept Map of Microevolution vs. Macroevolution", size=20)
plt.show()