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Gov and rel
Gov 
	Society - Hierarchical structure + Divine Right of Kings - monarch appointed by God
Monarch - declare war / make peace, reward people w/ land & title
Secretary of State: William Cecil - advice Elizabeth on imp matters
Court - abt 2000 people, entertained & advised Elizabeth - public display of wealth and power
Privy Council: abt 19 advisors, discuss & ensure Elizabeth’s wishes carried out
Parliament - nobel & gentry - pass laws + raised taxes - met 13 times w/ Elizabeth
Local gov: Justices of the Peace & sheriff enforce law 

Challenges - Elizabeth
Legitimacy
Illegitimate - Henry VIII Anne Boleyn marriage not authorised by Pope
MQS vocal with her claim to throne 
Gender
Believed ruled by women is unnatural - chaotic reign of Mary I
Marriage
Elizabeth no heir - no succession - risk of civil war
Refused to marry - would lose power & freedom 
Choosing husband: foreign - wouldn’t put english need in priority & english lords: anger other nobles
Challenges - Abroad 
Financial 
1558 Elizabeth I took throne, inherit 300 000 pounds debt - war w/ France + lost Calais - last English territory in mainland Europe to France
Cut back gov spendings + sold off crown lands = 600 000 to Exchequer 
By 1585, paid off Mary I debt + 300 000 reserve
French 
MQS married to French - dislike Protestant Elizabeth - heir -> threat of invasion + English Catholics
France at war w/ England (Mary I married to Philip II)