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#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
signed main(){
   ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);cin.tie(0);cout.tie(0);;
   ll testcases;
   cin>>testcases;
   while(testcases--){
       ll n;
       cin>>n;
       string s;
       cin>>s;
       vector < ll >  occurence[26];
       for(ll i=0;i<26;i++)
           occurence[i].push_back(-1);
       for(ll i=0;i<n;i++)
           occurence[s[i]-'a'].push_back(i);
       for(ll i=0;i<26;i++)
           occurence[i].push_back(n);
       ll ans = 0;
       for(ll i=0;i<26;i++){
           for(ll j=1;j<(int)occurence[i].size()-1;j++){
               ans+=(occurence[i][j]-occurence[i][j-1])*(occurence[i][j+1]-occurence[i][j]);
           }
       }
       cout<<ans<<"\n";
   }
}