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matlab
3 years ago
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% EXPLANATION OF SPRITE SHEET (othelloIcons.png)
% The majority of the sprite sheet corresponds to ASCII shifted over 1 for
% ease of use with Matlab. Since Matlab treats 'abc' as an array like
% [97 98 99], the ASCII codes for the respective letters, the sprite sheet
% was made such that the indexes 97, 98, and 99 correspond to a, b, and c.
% This is true for all printable characters.
% OTHER SPRITE VALUES
% 1: Empty green tile 2: Black piece with border 3: White piece with border
% 4: Empty tile 5: Black piece no border 6: White piece no border
% 7: All black 8: Light green (selection) 9: All yellow
% 10: Chinese symbol 11: Switch icon
clc
clear
close all
% create board from personal icon set
symbols = simpleGameEngine("othelloIcons.png",16,16,4,[0,140,0]);
% get language from user ( 1 => English, 2 => Spanish )
board = zeros(10,19) + 7;
board(4:7,2:18) = 4;
board(2,7:13) = 'REVERSI';
board(4,9:11) = ['A' 11 10]; % internationally understood translate icons
board(5,2:8) = 'English';
board(5,12:18) = 'Español';
language = 0;
drawScene(symbols,board);
select = zeros(10,19) + 4;
while true
drawScene(symbols,select,board);
% if player selected a language, wait for a second then switch screens
if language ~= 0
pause(.05);
if language == 3
pause(.3)
end
break;
end
% select is empty aside from yellow boxes to go under selections
select = zeros(10,19) + 4;
[row, col] = getMouseInput(symbols);
if row == 5
if col > 1 && col < 9
language = 1;
select(5,2:8) = 9;
elseif col > 11 && col < 19
language = 2;
select(5,12:18) = 9;
end
elseif row == 6
if col > 1 && col < 14
language = 3;
% name of this language only appears if clicked as easter egg
board(6,2:13) = 'tlhIngan Hol';
select(6,2:13) = 9;
end
end
end
% build main screen board
if language == 1
board(4,2:18) = 'PLAYER1 PLAYER2';
board(5,2:18) = ' Human Human ';
board(6,2:18) = ' AI123 AI123 ';
board(7,2:18) = ' Start ';
board(9,5:15) = 'How to play';
elseif language == 2
board(4,2:18) = 'JUGADOR1 JUGADOR2';
board(5,2:18) = ' Humano Humano ';
board(6,2:18) = ' IA 123 IA 123 ';
board(7,2:18) = ' Empezar ';
board(9,4:16) = 'Cómo se Juega';
elseif language == 3
board(4,2:18) = 'QujwI''1 QujwI''2';
board(5,2:18) = ' Human Human ';
board(6,2:18) = 'De'' 123 De'' 123';
board(7,2:18) = ' tagh! ';
end
% default variables, the difficulty is automatically stored as 2 in case a
% user just clicks 'AI'
start = false;
p1isAI = false;
p2isAI = false;
difficulty1 = 2;
difficulty2 = 2;
% MAIN MENU SCREEN
while true
% select is empty aside from yellow boxes to go under selections
select = zeros(10,19) + 4;
% puts yellow under selections for Player 1
if p1isAI
if language == 1
select(6,3:4) = 9;
select(6,4+difficulty1) = 9;
elseif language == 2
select(6,3:4) = 9;
select(6,5+difficulty1) = 9;
elseif language == 3
select(6,2:4) = 9;
select(6,5+difficulty1) = 9;
end
else
if language == 1
select(5,3:7) = 9;
elseif language == 2
select(5,3:8) = 9;
elseif language == 3
select(5,3:7) = 9;
end
end
% puts yellow under selections for Player 2
if p2isAI
if language == 1
select(6,13:14) = 9;
select(6,14+difficulty2) = 9;
elseif language == 2
select(6,12:13) = 9;
select(6,14+difficulty2) = 9;
elseif language == 3
select(6,12:14) = 9;
select(6,15+difficulty2) = 9;
end
else
if language == 1
select(5,13:17) = 9;
elseif language == 2
select(5,12:17) = 9;
elseif language == 3
select(5,13:17) = 9;
end
end
% draws the menu
drawScene(symbols,select,board);
% if player selected start, wait for a second then switch screens
[row, col] = getMouseInput(symbols);
% if player selects start
if (language == 1 && row == 7 && col > 7 && col < 13) || ...
(language == 2 && row == 7 && col > 6 && col < 14) || ...
(language == 3 && row == 7 && col > 7 && col < 13)
% put yellow under start
if language == 1
select(7,8:12) = 9;
elseif language == 2
select(7,7:13) = 9;
elseif language == 3
select(7,8:12) = 9;
end
drawScene(symbols,select,board);
pause(.05);
% exits the loop
break;
% if player selects human
elseif row == 5
if (language == 1 && col > 2 && col < 8) || ...
(language == 2 && col > 2 && col < 9) || ...
(language == 3 && col > 2 && col < 8)
p1isAI = false;
elseif (language == 1 && col > 12 && col < 18) || ...
(language == 2 && col > 11 && col < 18) || ...
(language == 3 && col > 12 && col < 18)
p2isAI = false;
end
% if player selects AI, assign difficulty
elseif row == 6
if (language == 1 && col > 2 && col < 8) || ...
(language == 2 && col > 2 && col < 9) || ...
(language == 3 && col > 1 && col < 9)
p1isAI = true;
if language == 1 && col > 4
% '- 4' is the spacing between the column and the actual
% number (in English)
difficulty1 = col - 4;
elseif language == 2 && col > 5
difficulty1 = col - 5;
elseif language == 3 && col > 5
difficulty1 = col - 5;
end
elseif (language == 1 && col > 12 && col < 18) || ...
(language == 2 && col > 11 && col < 18) || ...
(language == 3 && col > 10 && col < 19)
p2isAI = true;
if language == 1 && col > 14
difficulty2 = col - 14;
elseif language == 2 && col > 14
difficulty2 = col - 14;
elseif language == 3 && col > 15
difficulty2 = col - 15;
end
end
% if player selects how to play, show tutorial
elseif (language == 1 && row == 9 && col > 4 && col < 16) || ...
(language == 2 && row == 9 && col > 3 && col < 17)
% show selection for .05 seconds
if language == 1
select(9,5:15) = 9;
elseif language == 2
select(9,4:16) = 9;
end
drawScene(symbols,select,board);
pause(.05);
showTutorial(symbols, language);
end
end
% reset board
board = newBoard(language);
% start game on black's turn (black always goes first)
blacksTurn = true;
% keep track of who can move, stop game if neither black/white can
whiteCanMove = true;
blackCanMove = true;
% MAIN GAME LOOP
quit = false;
while ~quit
% for whoever's turn it is, check if they can move while looking
% through board
if blacksTurn
blackCanMove = false;
else
whiteCanMove = false;
end
% iterate through all spaces on the board (board(2:9,2:9))
for boardRow = 2:9
for boardCol = 2:9
% gets rid of highlight spaces
if board(boardRow, boardCol) == 8
board(boardRow, boardCol) = 1;
end
% decide whether or not a player can move in a given space
if board(boardRow, boardCol) == 1
% iterate through directions from current space
for scopeRow = -1:1
for scopeCol = -1:1
% move testRow/testCol in current direction
testRow = boardRow + scopeRow;
testCol = boardCol + scopeCol;
% while the pieces in this direction are
% opponent's color
while board(testRow, testCol) == 2 + blacksTurn
testRow = testRow + scopeRow;
testCol = testCol + scopeCol;
% if new test space is player's color, then
% this is playable space (and player is
% able to play)
if board(testRow, testCol) == 3 - blacksTurn
board(boardRow, boardCol) = 8;
if blacksTurn
blackCanMove = true;
else
whiteCanMove = true;
end
end
end
end
end
end
end
end
% if player can move, then they will. Otherwise either turn is
% skipped or if nobody can play game ends
if (blacksTurn && blackCanMove) || (~blacksTurn && whiteCanMove)
% this puts the current score at the bottom
board = setCounts(board);
% label current turn and draw game
board(4, 17) = 6 - blacksTurn;
drawScene(symbols, board);
% title can have comments from last move, so remove it
title("");
% if a human has a turn
if (blacksTurn && ~p1isAI) || (~blacksTurn && ~p2isAI)
% get a location to play from the player
row = 1;
col = 1;
% until player clicks a highlighted space
while board(row,col) ~= 8
[row, col] = getMouseInput(symbols);
if board(row,col) ~= 8
% if the player clicks redo
if (row == 7 && (col > 10 && col < 19))
% show selection
select = zeros(10,19) + 4;
select(7,11:18) = 9;
drawScene(symbols,select,board);
pause(.05);
% reset board
board = newBoard(language);
% start game on black's turn (black always goes first)
blacksTurn = true;
% keep track of who can move, stop game if neither black/white can
whiteCanMove = true;
blackCanMove = true;
break;
elseif (row == 9 && (col > 10 && col < 19))
% show selection
select = zeros(10,19) + 4;
select(9,11:18) = 9;
drawScene(symbols,select,board);
pause(.05);
% quit game
quit = true;
break;
else
if language == 1
title("Error: Invalid Space");
elseif language == 2
title("Error: Espacio Inválido");
end
end
end
end
% if AI has a turn
else
% delay between AI moves
pause(.2);
% sets difficulty to that of either black or white,
% depending on which color current AI is playing
difficulty = blacksTurn * difficulty1 + ~blacksTurn * difficulty2;
[row, col] = getAIMove(board, blacksTurn, difficulty);
end
% place piece on the board and switch turn to other player if move
% is valid (otherwise the game was probably reset)
if (row > 1 && row < 10) && (col > 1 && col < 10)
board = updateBoard(board, row, col, blacksTurn);
blacksTurn = ~blacksTurn;
end
elseif ~blackCanMove && ~whiteCanMove
% stop game if neither one can play until input
% replace the turn label with "GAMEOVER"
if language == 1
board(4,11:18) = 'GAMEOVER';
elseif language == 2
board(4,11:18) = ' EL FIN ';
end
% set final score
board = setCounts(board);
drawScene(symbols,board);
title("");
row = 1;
col = 1;
% await input
while true
[row, col] = getMouseInput(symbols);
% redo button is clicked
if (row == 7 && (col > 10 && col < 19))
% show selection
select = zeros(10,19) + 4;
select(7,11:18) = 9;
drawScene(symbols,select,board);
pause(.05);
% reset board
board = newBoard(language);
% start game on black's turn (black always goes first)
blacksTurn = true;
% keep track of who can move, stop game if neither black/white can
whiteCanMove = true;
blackCanMove = true;
break;
% quit button clicked
elseif (row == 9 && (col > 10 && col < 19))
% show selection
select = zeros(10,19) + 4;
select(9,11:18) = 9;
drawScene(symbols,select,board);
pause(.05);
% exit game
quit = true;
break;
end
end
else
% skip turn if one user can't play
blacksTurn = ~blacksTurn;
end
end
close;
function board = newBoard(language)
% set up starting board to all black
board = zeros(10,19) + 7;
% set game area to green grid
board(2:9,2:9) = 1;
% set up message area (turn, score, control)
board(2:9,11:18) = 4;
board(5:6,11:18) = 7;
board(8,11:18) = 7;
if language == 1
board(2,12:17) = 'Score:';
board(4,12:16) = 'Turn:';
board(7,13:16) = 'Redo';
board(9,13:16) = 'Quit';
elseif language == 2
board(2,11:18) = 'Puntaje:';
board(4,11:16) = 'Turno:';
board(7,12:17) = 'Replay';
board(9,12:17) = 'Cerrar';
elseif language == 3
board(2,11:18) = 'pe''''egh:';
board(4,11:16) = 'yiQuj:';
board(7,13:16) = 'tagh';
board(9,13:15) = 'bup';
end
board(3,11) = 5;
board(3,18) = 6;
% place starting pieces
board(5,5) = 2;
board(6,6) = 2;
board(5,6) = 3;
board(6,5) = 3;
end
function board = setCounts(board)
% update score on board
blackCt = getCount(board, 2);
whiteCt = getCount(board, 3);
board(3,13) = 4;
board(3, 12:12+(blackCt>9)) = num2str(blackCt);
board(3,16) = 4;
board(3, 17-(whiteCt>9):17 ) = num2str(whiteCt);
end
function count = getCount(board, value)
% return the number of value on the playable board
count = 0;
% get number of pieces on board with value
for boardRow = 2:9
for boardCol = 2:9
if board(boardRow, boardCol) == value
count = count + 1;
end
end
end
end
function showTutorial(symbols, language)
if language == 1
buildBook("RULES: Black always starts. For every move, " + ...
"every line between the piece you play and another piece of " + ...
"your color separated only by pieces of the opponent's " + ...
"color gets flipped to your color. You may only play in " + ...
"places where you are able to flip pieces, conveniently " + ...
"highlighted in this application. If one player is unable " + ...
"to play on their turn, the other player gets an extra " + ...
"turn. The game ends when no players are able to play, and " + ...
"the winner is determined by the player with the most " + ...
"pieces of their color. STRATEGY: Take control of the " + ...
"corners. In most games in which one player has 3 of the " + ...
"corners, that player wins. Similarly, it is important to " + ...
"take control of the edges. GAME INSTRUCTIONS: For each of " + ...
"player 1 and player 2 (black and white respectively), " + ...
"select human for if they are to be played by a human or AI " + ...
"with the corresponding difficulty level if they are to be " + ...
"played by an AI. Click start to begin the game.",symbols);
elseif language == 2
buildBook("REGLAS: Negro siempre empieza. Para cada turno, " + ...
"cada línea seperada solamente por piezas del color del " + ...
"adversario se voltea a tu color. Solamente puedes poner " + ...
"una pieza en un lugar en cual puedes voltear piezas, " + ...
"destacados en esta aplicación. Si un jugador no se puede " + ...
"jugar, el otro jugador gana extra turno. El juego termina " + ...
"cuando nadie puede jugar, y se sabe el ganador por quién " + ...
"tenga la mayoría de las piezas. ESTRATEGÍA: Toma control " + ...
"de las esquinas, y también de los bordes.",symbols);
end
end
function buildBook(text, symbols)
% prints all of text with precondition that no word in text is longer
% than 16 characters in a "book" in which one can search through the
% pages.
% get array of all words in text
words = split(text);
line = 2;
col = 2;
pageCt = 1;
% standard blank green page with black border
newPage = zeros(10,19) + 7;
newPage(2:9,2:18) = 4;
newPage(9,2) = '<';
newPage(9,18) = '>';
newPage(9,10) = '×';
% initialize board with single page
board = newPage;
% gets rid of first '<'
board(9,2) = 4;
while ~isempty(words)
% get char array of first word
word = convertStringsToChars(words(1));
% remove first word
words = words(2:end);
% if word can't fit on current line
if col + length(word) > 19
col = 2;
% add a page if lines run out, otherwise go to next line
if line == 8
board = [board, newPage];
line = 2;
pageCt = pageCt + 1;
else
line = line + 1;
end
end
% add word to board
board(line,(pageCt-1)*19+col:(pageCt-1)*19+col+length(word)-1) = word;
% increase col accordingly
col = col + length(word) + 1;
end
% remove final increase page button
board(9,18 + (pageCt-1)*19) = 4;
% display book
page = 1;
% runs the book until user clicks 'end'
while true
drawScene(symbols,board(1:end,19*(page-1)+1:19*page));
[row, col] = getMouseInput(symbols);
if row == 9
% clicked end
if col == 10
break;
% clicking back arrow
elseif col == 2 && page > 1
page = page - 1;
%clicking front arrow
elseif col == 18 && page < pageCt
page = page + 1;
end
end
end
end
function board = updateBoard(board, row, col, blacksTurn)
% place a piece at the indicated space. Must be a playable space.
for scopeRow = -1:1
for scopeCol = -1:1
% test if line can flip in this direction
testRow = row + scopeRow;
testCol = col + scopeCol;
canFlipLine = false;
while board(testRow, testCol) == 2 + blacksTurn
testRow = testRow + scopeRow;
testCol = testCol + scopeCol;
if board(testRow, testCol) == 3 - blacksTurn
canFlipLine = true;
end
end
% flip line if it can in this direction
if canFlipLine
while testRow ~= row + scopeRow || testCol ~= col + scopeCol
testRow = testRow - scopeRow;
testCol = testCol - scopeCol;
board(testRow, testCol) = 3 - blacksTurn;
end
end
end
end
board(row,col) = 3 - blacksTurn;
end
function [row, col] = getAIMove(board, blacksTurn, difficulty)
% returns the row and column that the AI chooses.
[rows, cols, scores] = getScores(board, blacksTurn);
scores = difficulty .^ (scores + 1);
% select a random number up to the the sum of the scores and select the
% choose the row and column associated with where that random number
% falls on the scores array.
sumScores = rand*sum(scores,'all');
count = 0;
for i = 1:length(scores)
count = count + scores(i);
if count > sumScores
row = rows(i);
col = cols(i);
break;
end
end
end
function [rows, cols, scores] = getScores(board, blacksTurn)
% for each space on the board with an 8, the row and col for that space
% is added to the rows and cols arrays and the score (calculated from
% consideration of several variables) is
% added to the scores array.
% length is how many highlighted spaces on the board
length = getCount(board, 8);
rows = zeros(1,length);
cols = zeros(1,length);
scores = zeros(1,length);
i = 1;
for row = 2:9
for col = 2:9
if board(row, col) == 8
rows(i) = row;
cols(i) = col;
% tests what would happen if player puts piece here
testBoard = updateBoard(board, row, col, blacksTurn);
opportunities = 0;
% sum of space types of all current player's flipped pieces
plScore = 0;
for testRow = 2:9
for testCol = 2:9
if testBoard(testRow, testCol) == 8
opportunities = opportunities + getSpaceType(testRow, testCol);
elseif testBoard(testRow, testCol) == 3 - blacksTurn
plScore = plScore + getSpaceType(testRow,testCol);
end
end
end
% calculate score
scores(i) = getSpaceType(row, col)*10 + plScore - opportunities/2 + 100*(getCount(testBoard, 8) == 0);
% should rarely ever be this low, but possible. Regardless,
% must be positive.
if scores(i) < .1
scores(i) = .1;
end
i = i + 1;
end
end
end
end
function spaceType = getSpaceType(row, col)
% return spaceType as a number [0,5] as labeled on the strategy sheet
% based on the type of space is at the given row and column
if (row == 5 || row == 6) && (col == 5 || col == 6)
spaceType = 4;
% Inner Square around center
elseif((row == 4 || row == 7) && (col == 4 || col == 7))
spaceType = 3;
% Square outside of the inner square, making the corners of this square
% 0
elseif((row >=3 && row <= 8) && (col >= 3 && col <= 8))
spaceType = 2;
% Make corners 0
if((row == 3 || row == 8) && (col == 3 || col == 8))
spaceType = 0;
end
% The rest of the spaces are defaulted to 4 besides the corners and the
% adjacent spaces
else
spaceType = 4;
% Make corners 5
if((row == 2 || row == 9) && (col == 2 || col == 9))
spaceType = 5;
% Make adjacent spaces 1
elseif(((row == 3 || row == 8) && (col == 2 || col == 9)) || ((row == 2 || row == 9) && (col == 3 || col == 8)))
spaceType = 1;
end
end
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