NANCY'S ARM ASSEMBLER
Public Domain (CC0) ARM Assembler. Free as in actual freedom.
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c_cpp
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/////////////////////////////////// NRM ////////////////////////////////////////
///////////////////////////// NEW ARM ASSEMBLER ////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////// NANCY'S ARM ASSEMBLER ///////////////////////////////
/*
Public Domain (CC0) ARM Assembler.
Free as in actual freedom.
GOALS:
- ObjAsm compatibility
- Portability (across 32-bit CPUs)
- Simplicity
- Speed (for JIT use)
TODO:
- labeled branches
- make hello.s compilable
- handle |labels|
- macros (start with swinames)
- replace `strtol` with proper readers
- Consult ObjAsm if S bit should be generated with CMP, CMN, TST and TEQ
also check what CMPS generates with ObjAsm
- STM/LDM can't have PC as a base or have empty {}
- STM/LDM after Arch >= 7 doesn't allow writeback into the register that appear in {}
NOTES:
- With 2-pass assembler there are two approaches:
- 1st pass generates the code, while also storing label positions.
2nd pass patches it.
- 1st pass goes over the code, calculating label positions.
2nd pass generates actual code.
- APCS versions:
https://ext.3dodev.com/3DO/Portfolio_2.5/OnLineDoc/DevDocs/tktfldr/atsfldr/4atsb.html#XREF35590
CHEAT SHEET:
<Operation>{<cond>}{S} Rd, Rm, Rn
Data processing instruction format:
BitOffset/NBits: Name - Description
28/ 4: F - if condition: see CND_* macros
25/ 3: C - class: 0 = Rm is register
1 = Rm is immeidate
21/ 4: O - operation code: see NRM_* macros
20/ 1: S - set flags
16/ 4: Rn - 1st operand register
12/ 4: Rd - destination register
0/12: Rm - 2nd operand register or immediate
Register (C=0):
0/4: Register
4/1: ShiftSource
5/2: ShiftType
0 = LSL logical left
1 = LSR logical right
2 = ASR arithmetic right (sign bit handled)
3 = ROR rotate right
7/5: shift value
Immediate (ShiftSource=0)
7/5 = immediate (0 to 31, i.e. 7 for LSL#7)
Register (ShiftSource=1)
7/1 = should be 0
8/4 = register
Immediate (C=1):
0/8: value
8/4: rotate right amount
note: it is multiplied by 2
before use
RRX is a shorthand for `Operation RegA, RegB, ROR #0`
In 24-bit mode postfixing CMP/CMN/TST/TEQ with P sets Rd to 0xF = PSR
R15, beside PC, used to hold PSR, which later became CPSR.
LDR/STR with immediate offset:
Pre-indexed instruction (possibly with write back)
opcode{cond}{B} register,[base{index}]{!}
Post-indexed instruction
opcode{cond}{B}{T} register,[base]{,index}
{T} if present the TRANS pin will be active.
Used in supervisor mode to with user mode page translation.
I.e. when doing unchecked and untranslated writes
to a user supplied address.
Note that T is invalid for preindexed addressing
28/ 4: F - if {cond}: see CND_.* macros
25/ 3: C - class: 2 = Rm is immediate
3 = Rm is register
24/ 1: P - pre/post increment: 0 = post: add offset after transfer
1 = pre: add offset before transfer
23/ 1: U - up/down: 0 = down: subtract offset from base
1 = up: add offset to base
22/ 1: B - BYTE/WORD bit
21/ 1: W - Write-back {!}:write new address into base register
W=1 && P=0: LDRT/STRT operation (forced usermode MMU translation)
W=1 && P=1: writeback without forced MMU translation
P=0 && W=0: writeback without forced MMU translation
P=1 && W=0: no writeback, no forced MMU translation
load/store register with MMU translation
20/ 1: D - direction: 0=STR, 1=LDR
16/ 4: Rn - base register
12/ 4: Rd - src/dst register
0 /12: Rm - offset
Register (C=2), same format as with data processing opcodes
0/4: Register
4/1: ShiftSource
5/2: ShiftType
0 = LSL logical left
1 = LSR logical right
2 = ASR arithmetic right (sign bit handled)
3 = ROR rotate right
7/5: shift value
Immediate (ShiftSource=0)
7/5 = immediate (0 to 31, i.e. 7 for LSL#7)
Register (ShiftSource=1)
7/1 = should be 0
8/4 = register
Immediate (C=3)
0/12: 12-bit immediate offset applied to base
LDM/STM instruction format:
opcode{cond}type base{!}, {list}{^}
For example, STMNEDB
28/ 4: F - if {cond}: see CND_.* macros
25/ 3: C - class: always 4
24/ 1: P - pre/post increment: 0 = post: add offset after transfer
1 = pre: add offset before transfer
23/ 1: U - up/down: 0 = subtract offset from base
1 = add offset to base
22/ 1: S - {^} = load PSR or force user mode
21/ 1: W - Write-back {!}: write new address into base register
20/ 1: D - direction: 0=STM, 1=LDM
16/ 4: Rn - base register
0/15: Rs - registers to load store (i.e. the {list}).
B/BL branch instruction format:
28/ 4: F - if condition: see CND_.* macros
25/ 3: C - class: always 5
24/ 1: L - Link: 0 = B, 1 = BL
0/24: Im - Immediate Offset
SWI format:
28/ 4: F - if condition: see CND_.* macros
25/ 3: C - class: always 7
24/ 1: L - always 0x1
0 /24: Im - Immediate SWI number
*/
//////////////////////////// NRM CONFIGURATION /////////////////////////////////
#define NRM_STANDALONE
//////////////////////////// STANDARD INCLUDES /////////////////////////////////
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
/////////////////////////// OBSCURE INCLUDES ///////////////////////////////////
#define STB_DS_IMPLEMENTATION
#include "stb_ds.h"
//NOTE: SH tables by default expect user to do strdup
#define arrdup(xs) ((xs) ? \
(void*)((uint8_t*)memcpy(malloc(sizeof(*stbds_header(xs)) \
+ stbds_header(xs)->capacity*sizeof(xs[0])) \
, stbds_header(xs) \
,(sizeof(*stbds_header(xs)) \
+ stbds_header(xs)->capacity*sizeof(xs[0])) \
)+sizeof(*stbds_header(xs))) \
: 0)
#define alen(a) arrlen(a)
#define aput(a,v) arrput(a,v)
#define apop(a) arrpop(a)
#define alast(a) arrlast(a)
#define adup(a) arrdup(a)
////////////////////////// GENERIC DECLARATION /////////////////////////////////
#define U8 uint8_t
#define U16 uint16_t
#define U32 uint32_t
#define S8 int8_t
#define S16 int16_t
#define S32 int
#define F32 float
#define F64 double
#define U64 uint64_t
#define S64 int64_t
struct nrm_t;
typedef struct nrm_t nrm_t;
#define TCTX nrm_t
#define CTX TCTX *this
#define C (*this)
#define FLM (&this->flm)
/////////////////////////////// UTILITIES //////////////////////////////////////
//file end
#define ISFLE(x) ((x) == FLE)
#define ISWS(x) ((x) == ' ' || (x) == '\t')
#define SKPWS(p) while (ISWS(nx)) rd()
//locally defined terminating characater
#define ISTC(x) ((x) == tc)
static void upcase(char *d, char *s) {
while ((*d++ = toupper(*s++)));
}
static char *_hidden_cat_(char *a0, ...) {
char *a;
va_list ap;
int size = strlen(a0);
va_start(ap, a0);
for (;;) {
a = va_arg(ap, char*);
if (!a) break;
size += strlen(a);
}
va_end(ap);
size += 1;
char *o = malloc(size);
char *p = o;
a = a0;
while (*a) *p++ = *a++;
va_start(ap, a0);
for (;;) {
a = va_arg(ap, char*);
if (!a) break;
while (*a) *p++ = *a++;
}
va_end(ap);
*p++ = 0;
return o;
}
#define cat(...) _hidden_cat_(__VA_ARGS__, 0)
////////////////////////// MEMORY MANAGEMENT ///////////////////////////////////
//local heap, allows evading malloc where possible
#define LHP(TSZ) char h_[TSZ]; char *hp_=h_, *he_ = h_+TSZ-1
//read characters by calling rd(), while tst(nx) is true
//assumes hp points to a temporary heap buffer and he points to its end
#define RDS(dst,tst) do { \
dst = hp_; \
while (tst(nx)) { \
if (hp_ == he_) fatal("line is too long."); \
*hp_++ = rd(); \
} \
*hp_++ = 0; \
} while (0)
////////////////////////////////// URL /////////////////////////////////////////
typedef struct {
char *dir;
char *name;
char *ext;
} url_t;
static url_t *url_parts(char *path) {
int bufsz = strlen(path)+3;
url_t *fn = malloc(sizeof(url_t)+bufsz);
char *r = (char*)(fn+1);
char *dir;
char *name;
char *ext;
char *p, *q;
int l;
if ((p = strrchr(path, '/'))) {
l = p-path + 1;
dir = r;
strncpy(dir, path, l);
dir[l] = 0;
p++;
r += l+1;
} else {
p = path;
dir = r;
*r++ = 0;
}
if ((q = strrchr(p, '.'))) {
l = q-p;
name = r;
strncpy(name, p, l);
name[l] = 0;
q++;
r += l+1;
ext = r;
l = strlen(q);
strcpy(ext, q);
} else {
ext = r;
*r++ = 0;
name = r;
strcpy(name, p);
}
fn->dir = dir;
fn->name = name;
fn->ext = ext;
return fn;
}
/////////////////////// FILE MANAGER DECLARATIONS //////////////////////////////
/*
RATIONALE:
- Portabily.
- Flexibility.
- Speed.
- Parser housekeeping (row/column, names, etc..).
*/
//File end
#define FLE -1
/////////////////////////
// mfl_t.desc flags
//file's data array is owned by us and have to be freed
#define MFL_OWNED 0x001
//macro buffer
#define MFL_MACRO 0x002
//has an associated filesystem
#define MFL_FS 0x004
//the file won't be freed when nref hits 0
#define MFL_RETAIN 0x008
//root file
#define MFL_ROOT 0x010
struct flm_t;
typedef struct flm_t flm_t;
struct flp_t;
typedef struct flp_t flp_t;
struct mfl_t;
typedef struct mfl_t mfl_t;
struct mfl_t { //memory held file
U32 desc; //file description
U8 *base; //start of the data
U32 size; //length of the file
char *name; //name of the file
url_t *url; //path to the source
int nrefs; //number of references to this file
//if it gets 0, we we can free it.
mfl_t *ovrd; //this entry overrides another in the file table
flm_t *flm; //associated file manager
};
struct flp_t { //file pointer
U8 *ptr; //current location inside the file
U8 *end; //end of the file
U8 *line; //start of the current line (used to calculate column)
U32 row; //line counter
mfl_t *fl; //the file handle
//flp_t *prev; //OBSOLETE: for reading files which include other files
//use nrm_t->fstack instead,
//since one file can be opened several times
U8 *shd; // shadow copy
};
static mfl_t *new_mfl(char *name, U8 *base, U32 size) {
mfl_t *f = malloc(sizeof(mfl_t));
f->name = strdup(name);
f->base = base;
f->size = size;
f->nrefs = 0;
f->desc = 0;
f->url = 0;
f->ovrd = 0;
return f;
}
static void del_mfl(mfl_t *f) {
if (f->url) free(f->url);
free(f->name);
if (f->desc&MFL_OWNED) arrfree(f->base);
free(f);
}
static flp_t *new_flp(mfl_t *f) {
flp_t *fp = malloc(sizeof(flp_t));
fp->fl = f;
fp->ptr = f->base;
fp->end = f->base + f->size;
fp->line = fp->ptr;
fp->row = 0;
fp->shd = 0;
return fp;
}
static void del_flp(flp_t *fp) {
free(fp);
}
static void mfl_ref(mfl_t *f) {f->nrefs++;}
static void mfl_unref(mfl_t *f) {
if (!(--f->nrefs || (f->desc&MFL_RETAIN))) del_mfl(f);
}
struct flm_t { //file manager
flp_t flp; //current file
TCTX *ctx;
struct { char *key; mfl_t *value; } *ft; //file table
//a stack of currently processed files (beside the flp)
flp_t **fstack;
flp_t *tflp_stack;
char **paths; //include directories
};
typedef struct {
int row;
int col;
char *macroname;
char *filename;
} flmp_t;
static void flm_location(flm_t *this, flmp_t *p);
static void flm_conclude(flm_t *this);
static int nxF(flp_t *f) { return f->ptr==f->end ? FLE : *f->ptr; }
static int rdF(flp_t *f) {
if (f->ptr == f->end) return FLE;
U8 ch = *f->ptr++;
if (f->shd) *f->shd++ = ch; //does a shadow copy
if (f->ptr == f->end) flm_conclude(f->fl->flm);
else {
if (ch == '\n') { f->row++; f->line = f->ptr; }
}
return ch;
}
#define cflp (&FLM->flp)
//next char peek
#define nx nxF(cflp)
//read char
#define rd() rdF(cflp)
//FIXME: the below macros will fail with windowed files
//these are for temporary redefining input
#define cflp_push(tflp) \
aput(FLM->tflp_stack, *cflp); \
cflp = *tflp;
#define cflp_pop() cflp = apop(FLM->tflp_stack)
#define cflp_shd(s) do { cflp->shd = s; } while (0)
//FIXME: handle unicode
#define FL_COL(f) ((f)->ptr - (f)->line)
#define cflp_saved() FLM->fstack[alen(FLM->fstack)-1]
#define cflp_save() do {*cflp_saved() = *cflp;} while (0)
#define cflp_load() do {*cflp = *cflp_saved();} while (0)
#define FLLOC(R,C,N,F) int R = (F)->row; int C = FL_COL(F); \
char *N = (F)->fl->name;
//////////////////////////// SYMBOL TABLE //////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////
// SYMBOL TYPES
//none
#define SYM_NON 0x00
//mnemonic
#define SYM_MNM 0x01
//macro
#define SYM_MCR 0x02
//register
#define SYM_REG 0x03
//macro constant
#define SYM_EQU 0x04
//macro constant
#define SYM_LBL 0x05
//ObjAsm apparently uses AREA as a synonym for namespace
typedef struct {
char *name;
} area_t;
typedef union { //note that ARM word is 32bit, compared to x86's 16bit
int i;
U8 b; //byte
U16 h; //half-word
U32 w;
U32 d; //dword
U64 q; //qword
S8 sb; //byte
S16 sh; //half-word
S32 sw;
S32 sd; //dword
S64 sq; //qword
char *s;
} val_t;
typedef struct {
char *name; //index inside the name table
U32 desc; //description of the symbol
val_t v; //value of the symbol
} sym_t;
typedef struct { char *key; sym_t *value; } *sym_tbl_t;
#define SYM_TYPE(s) ((s)->desc&0xff)
////////////////////// CONDITION CODES /////////////////////////////////////////
// Equal / Zero: Z == 1
#define NRM_EQ 0x0
// Not Equal / Not Zero: Z = 0
#define NRM_NE 0x1
//HS/CS - Carry Set / Unsigned Higher or Same: C == 1
#define NRM_CS 0x2
//LO/CC - Carry Clear / Unsigned Lower: C == 0
#define NRM_CC 0x3
// Minus / Negative: N==1
#define NRM_MI 0x4
// Plus / Positive or Zero: N==0
#define NRM_PL 0x5
// Overflow Set: V==1
#define NRM_VS 0x6
// Overflow Clear: V==0
#define NRM_VC 0x7
// Unsigned Higher: C == 1 && Z == 0
#define NRM_HI 0x8
// Unsigned Lower or Same: C == 0 || Z == 1
#define NRM_LS 0x9
// Greater or Equal: N == V
#define NRM_GE 0xA
// Less Than: N != V
#define NRM_LT 0xB
// Greater Than: Z == 0 && N == V
#define NRM_GT 0xC
// Less or Equal: Z == 1 || N != V
#define NRM_LE 0xD
// Always (unconditional)
#define NRM_AL 0xE
// Never (unconditionally false)
#define NRM_NV 0xF
//////////////////////////// OPERATION CODES ///////////////////////////////////
/////////////////////
// Legend:
// Rd - destionation
// Rn - 1st operand
// Rm - 2nd operand
//Rd = Rn & Rm
#define NRM_AND (0x0<<21)
//Rd = Rn ^ Rm
#define NRM_EOR (0x1<<21)
//Rd = Rn - Rm
#define NRM_SUB (0x2<<21)
//Rd = Rm - Rn
#define NRM_RSB (0x3<<21)
//Rd = Rn + Rm
#define NRM_ADD (0x4<<21)
//Rd = Rn + Rm + C
#define NRM_ADC (0x5<<21)
//Rd = Rn - Rm - C
#define NRM_SBC (0x6<<21)
//Rd = Rm - Rn - C
#define NRM_RSC (0x7<<21)
//NZCV <- Rn & Rm
//S should be always 1
#define NRM_TST (0x8<<21)
//NZCV <- Rn ^ Rm
//S should be always 1
#define NRM_TEQ (0x9<<21)
//NZCV <- Rn - Rm
//S should be always 1
#define NRM_CMP (0xA<<21)
//NZCV <- Rn + Rm (compare negated)
//S should be always 1
#define NRM_CMN (0xB<<21)
//Rd = Rn | Rm
#define NRM_ORR (0xC<<21)
//Rd = Rm (Rn is ignored)
#define NRM_MOV (0xD<<21)
//Rd = Rn & ~Rm (bit clear)
#define NRM_BIC (0xE<<21)
//Rd = ~Rm (Rn is ignored)
#define NRM_MVN (0xF<<21)
//store
#define NRM_STR (0x2<<25)
//load
#define NRM_LDR ((0x2<<25)|NRM_STLD_LD)
//store
#define NRM_STM (0x4<<25)
//load
#define NRM_LDM ((0x4<<25)|NRM_STLD_LD)
//branch
#define NRM_B (0x5<<25)
//branch and link
#define NRM_BL ((0x5<<25)|(1<<24))
//software interrupt
#define NRM_SWI ((0x7<<25)|(1<<24))
#define NRM_O_LSL 0
#define NRM_O_LSR 1
#define NRM_O_ASR 2
#define NRM_O_ROR 3
#define NRM_O_RRX 4
//for S suffixed opcodes
#define NRM_S (1<<20)
#define NRM_L (1<<24)
//immediate operand
#define NRM_I (1<<25)
//load flag for ST/LD opcode
#define NRM_STLD_LD (1<<20)
//save incremented offset back after ST/LD
#define NRM_WRITEBACK (1<<21)
//preicrement Rn (base register), before STR/LDR
#define NRM_PRE (1<<24)
//increment up
#define NRM_UP (1<<23)
#define NRM_STLD_BYTE (1<<22)
#define NRM_STLD_TRANS (NRM_WRITEBACK|1)
//that is for exiting service mode
#define NRM_LOAD_PSR_FORCE_USER_MODE (1<<22)
#define NRM_NONE 0xFFFFFFFF
#define NRM_ERROR 0xFFFFFFFE
#define NRM_EOF 0xFFFFFFFD
//data processing register
#define NRM_CLS_DPR 0x0
//data processing immediate
#define NRM_CLS_DPI 0x1
//load/store immediate offset
#define NRM_CLS_STLDI 0x2
//load/store register offset
#define NRM_CLS_STLDR 0x3
//load/store multiple
#define NRM_CLS_STLDM 0x4
//branch
#define NRM_CLS_B_BL 0x5
#define NRM_CLS_SWI 0x7
#define NRM_CND(dsc) ((dsc)>>28)
#define NRM_OPC(dsc) ((dsc)&(0xF<<21))
#define NRM_IS_CTDP(x) ((x)==NRM_CMP || (x)==NRM_CMN || \
(x)==NRM_TST || (x)==NRM_TEQ)
#define NRM_IS_MOV(x) ((x)==NRM_MOV || (x)==NRM_MVN)
//instruction class
#define NRM_CLS(dsc) (((dsc)>>25)&7)
#define NRM_IS_DP(x) (NRM_CLS(x) == NRM_CLS_DPR || NRM_CLS(x) == NRM_CLS_DPI)
#define NRM_IS_STLD(x) \
(NRM_CLS(x) == NRM_CLS_STLDI || NRM_CLS(x) == NRM_CLS_STLDR)
#define NRM_IS_BRANCH(x) (NRM_CLS(x) == NRM_CLS_B_BL)
#define NRM_IS_STLDM(x) (NRM_CLS(x) == NRM_CLS_STLDM)
/////////////////////////// BIT MANIPULATION ///////////////////////////////////
static U32 nrm_ror(U32 x, U32 n) { //32bit rotate right
return (x >> n) | (x << (32 - n));
}
static U32 nrm_rol(U32 x, U32 n) { //32bit rotate left
return (x << n) | (x >> (32 - n));
}
#define NRM_BAD_IMM 0xFFFFFFFF
U32 nrm_enc_imm(U32 imm) { //encode immediate as a RORed value
U32 v = imm;
for (U32 s = 0; s < 31; s += 2) {
v = nrm_rol(imm, s);
if (v < 256) {
//printf("v=%d s=%d\n", v, s);
return v | (s<<7) | NRM_I;
}
}
return NRM_BAD_IMM;
}
U32 nrm_dec_imm(U32 opcode) {//decode immediate given ARM opcode
U32 v = opcode & 0xff;
U32 r = ((opcode >> 8) & 0xf) << 1;
return nrm_ror(v, r);
}
//////////////////////////// GLOBAL DATA ///////////////////////////////////////
typedef struct {
char *key;
int32_t value;
} ki_t; //key to integer value
typedef struct {
char *key;
U32 value;
} ku_t; //key to integer value
static ki_t base_regs[] = {
{ "r0", 0},{ "r1", 1},{ "r2", 2},{ "r3", 3},
{ "r4", 4},{ "r5", 5},{ "r6", 6},{ "r7", 7},
{ "r8", 8},{ "r9", 9},{"r10",10},{"r11",11},
{"r12",12},{"r13",13},{"r14",14},{"r15",15},
{ "R0", 0},{ "R1", 1},{ "R2", 2},{ "R3", 3},
{ "R4", 4},{ "R5", 5},{ "R6", 6},{ "R7", 7},
{ "R8", 8},{ "R9", 9},{"R10",10},{"R11",11},
{"R12",12},{"R13",13},{"R14",14},{"R15",15},
{ "sp",13},{ "SP",13},{ "lr",14},{ "LR",14},
{ "pc",15},{ "PC",15},
{0,0}
};
static ki_t apcs_regs[] = { //RISC OS C ABI
//objasm v3.27 apparently only includes the lower case names
{"a1", 0}, {"a2", 1}, {"a3", 2}, {"a4", 3},
{"v1", 4}, {"v2", 5}, {"v3", 6}, {"v4", 7},
{"v8", 8}, {"v6", 9}, {"sl",10}, {"fp",11},
{"ip",12}, {"sp",13}, {"lr",14}, {"pc",15},
{0,0}
};
static ku_t cnds[] = {
{"EQ", NRM_EQ}, {"NE", NRM_NE}, {"CS", NRM_CS}, {"CC", NRM_CC},
{"MI", NRM_MI}, {"PL", NRM_PL}, {"VS", NRM_VS}, {"VC", NRM_VC},
{"HI", NRM_HI}, {"LS", NRM_LS}, {"GE", NRM_GE}, {"LT", NRM_LT},
{"GT", NRM_GT}, {"LE", NRM_LE}, {"AL", NRM_AL}, {"NV", NRM_NV},
{"HS", NRM_CS}, {"LO", NRM_CC},
{0,0}
};
static ku_t opcs[] = {
{"AND", NRM_AND}, {"EOR", NRM_EOR}, {"SUB", NRM_SUB}, {"RSB", NRM_RSB},
{"ADD", NRM_ADD}, {"ADC", NRM_ADC}, {"SBC", NRM_SBC}, {"RSC", NRM_RSC},
{"TST", NRM_TST|NRM_S}, {"TEQ", NRM_TEQ|NRM_S},
{"CMP", NRM_CMP|NRM_S}, {"CMN", NRM_CMN|NRM_S},
{"ORR", NRM_ORR}, {"MOV", NRM_MOV}, {"BIC", NRM_BIC}, {"MVN", NRM_MVN},
{"LDR", NRM_LDR}, {"STR", NRM_STR},
{"LDM", NRM_LDM}, {"STM", NRM_STM},
{"B" , NRM_B }, {"BL" , NRM_BL },
{"SWI", NRM_SWI},
{0,0}
};
enum { NRM_D_FIRST_DRC=0,
NRM_D_ASSERT,
NRM_D_OPT, NRM_D_TTL, NRM_D_SUBT,
NRM_D_ORG, NRM_D_AREA, NRM_D_ENTRY,
NRM_D_END, NRM_D_GET, NRM_D_INCLUDE,
NRM_D_IMPORT, NRM_D_EXPORT,
NRM_D_EQU,
NRM_D_GBLA, NRM_D_GBLL, NRM_D_GBLS,
NRM_D_LCLA, NRM_D_LCLL, NRM_D_LCLS,
NRM_D_SETA, NRM_D_SETL, NRM_D_SETS,
NRM_D_RN, NRM_D_FN, NRM_D_CP, NRM_D_CN,
NRM_D_DCB, NRM_D_DCW, NRM_D_DCD, NRM_D_DCZ, NRM_D_DCFS, NRM_D_DCFD,
NRM_D_ALIGN, NRM_D_SMORG, NRM_D_RESERVE,
NRM_D_NOFP, NRM_D_RLIST,
NRM_D_IF, NRM_D_ELSE, NRM_D_ENDIF,
NRM_D_MACRO, NRM_D_MEND, NRM_D_MEXIT,
NRM_D_LAST_DRC
};
static ku_t dcts[] = { //assembler directives
{"ASSERT", NRM_D_ASSERT},{"!", NRM_D_ASSERT},
{"OPT", NRM_D_OPT}, {"TTL", NRM_D_TTL}, {"SUBT", NRM_D_SUBT},
{"ORG", NRM_D_ORG}, {"AREA", NRM_D_AREA}, {"ENTRY", NRM_D_ENTRY},
{"END", NRM_D_END}, {"GET", NRM_D_GET}, {"INCLUDE", NRM_D_INCLUDE},
{"IMPORT", NRM_D_IMPORT}, {"EXPORT", NRM_D_EXPORT},
{"*", NRM_D_EQU}, {"EQU", NRM_D_EQU},
{"GBLA", NRM_D_GBLA}, {"GBLL", NRM_D_GBLL}, {"GBLS", NRM_D_GBLS},
{"LCLA", NRM_D_LCLA}, {"LCLL", NRM_D_LCLL}, {"LCLS", NRM_D_LCLS},
{"SETA", NRM_D_SETA}, {"SETL", NRM_D_SETL}, {"SETS", NRM_D_SETS},
{"RN", NRM_D_RN}, {"FN", NRM_D_FN}, {"CP", NRM_D_CP},{"CN", NRM_D_CN},
{"DCB", NRM_D_DCB}, {"DCW", NRM_D_DCW}, {"DCD", NRM_D_DCD},
{"=", NRM_D_DCB}, {"&", NRM_D_DCD}, {"%", NRM_D_DCZ},
{"DCFS", NRM_D_DCB}, {"DCFD", NRM_D_DCFD},
{"ALIGN", NRM_D_ALIGN}, {"^", NRM_D_SMORG}, {"#", NRM_D_RESERVE},
{"NOFP", NRM_D_NOFP}, {"RLIST", NRM_D_NOFP},
{"IF", NRM_D_IF}, {"ELSE", NRM_D_ELSE}, {"ENDIF", NRM_D_ENDIF},
{"[", NRM_D_IF}, {"|", NRM_D_ELSE}, {"]", NRM_D_ENDIF},
{"MACRO", NRM_D_MACRO}, {"MEND", NRM_D_MEND}, {"MEXIT", NRM_D_MEXIT},
{0,0}
};
#define NRM_BV_FALSE 0x01
#define NRM_BV_TRUE 0x02
#define NRM_BV_PC 0x03
#define NRM_BV_VAR 0x04
#define NRM_BV_OPT 0x05
#define NRM_BV_CONFIG 0x06
#define NRM_BV_ENDIAN 0x07
#define NRM_BV_INVALID 0x08
static ku_t blts[] = { //builtin variables
{"{FALSE}", NRM_BV_FALSE}, {"{TRUE}", NRM_BV_TRUE},
{"{PC}", NRM_BV_PC}, {".", NRM_BV_PC},
{"{VAR}", NRM_BV_VAR}, {"@", NRM_BV_VAR},
{"{OPT}", NRM_BV_OPT},
{"{CONFIG}", NRM_BV_CONFIG}, {"{ENDIAN}", NRM_BV_ENDIAN},
{0,0}
};
static int nrm_globals_ready = 0;
#define NRM_BAD_OPCODE 0xFFFFFFFF
static ku_t *opcm = NULL; // opcode mnemonic map
static ku_t *cndm = NULL; // condition mnemonic map
static ku_t *dctm = NULL; // directive map
static ku_t *bltm = NULL; // builtin variable map
static void nrm_init_globals() {
shdefault(opcm,NRM_BAD_OPCODE);
for (ku_t *o = opcs; o->key; o++) shput(opcm, o->key, o->value);
shdefault(cndm,NRM_BAD_OPCODE);
for (ku_t *o = cnds; o->key; o++) shput(opcm, o->key, o->value<<28);
for (ku_t *o = dcts; o->key; o++) shput(dctm, o->key, o->value);
for (ku_t *o = blts; o->key; o++) shput(bltm, o->key, o->value);
nrm_globals_ready = 1;
}
////////////////////////////// NRM STATE ///////////////////////////////////////
// Options for the nrm_init
typedef struct {
//ARGUMENTS
char **paths; //paths to search for files
U32 flags;
void *user; //user provided handle
//available to callbacks through ncm_user
//CALLBACKS provided by user
//called when a fatal error has occured
void (*fatal)(void *ncm, char *macro
,char *file, int row, int col, char *description);
//checks is a file exists (using in include)
int (*exists)(void *ncm, char *filename);
//reads entire file, storing its size at the *size pointer
uint8_t *(*get)(void *ncm, U32 *size, char *filename);
} nrm_opt_t;
typedef struct { //represents expression delayed for the 2nd pass
U32 pc;
char *expr;
char *name;
int row;
int col;
} dld_t;
struct nrm_t { // NRM's state
flm_t flm; //file manager
nrm_opt_t opt; //user specified options
sym_tbl_t st; //symbol map
sym_t **sl; //symbol list
int pass;
U8 *out;
dld_t *dld; //list of delayed expressions
U32 pc; //have to maintain a separate one
//because out could be broken into parts
int dldi;
};
///////////////////////////// NRM ERROR ////////////////////////////////////////
//FIXME: when fatal error happens, the nrm_t should be freed
static void fatalF(CTX, char *fmt, ...) {
if (!C.opt.fatal) exit(-1);
flmp_t p;
flm_location(FLM, &p);
va_list ap;
va_start(ap, fmt);
int l = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, fmt, ap);
va_end(ap);
char *s = (char*)malloc(l+1);
va_start(ap, fmt);
vsprintf(s, fmt, ap);
va_end(ap);
C.opt.fatal(this, p.macroname, p.filename, p.row, p.col, s);
exit(-1);
}
#define fatal(...) fatalF(this, __VA_ARGS__)
///////////////////////////// FILE MANAGER /////////////////////////////////////
static mfl_t *mfl_open(CTX, char *filename) {
U32 size;
U8 *data = C.opt.get(this, &size, filename);
if (!data) return 0;
mfl_t *f = new_mfl(filename, data, size);
f->url = url_parts(f->name);
f->desc |= MFL_OWNED|MFL_FS;
f->desc |= MFL_RETAIN; //as of now we retain everything, due to filetable
return f;
}
static void flm_deinit(flm_t *this) {
for (int i = 0; i < alen(this->fstack); i++) {
flp_t *fp = this->fstack[i];
fp->fl = 0;
del_flp(fp);
}
arrfree(this->fstack);
for (int i = 0; i < shlen(this->ft); i++) {
mfl_t *next = this->ft[i].value;
do {
mfl_t *f = next;
next = f->ovrd;
del_mfl(f);
} while (next);
}
shfree(this->ft);
}
static flp_t *flm_cur_flp(flm_t *this) {
int nfiles = alen(this->fstack);
for (int i = nfiles-1; i >= 0; i--) {
flp_t *p = this->fstack[i];
if (p->fl->desc&MFL_FS) return p;
}
return 0;
}
//resolves a relative filename
static char *flm_resolve(flm_t *this, char *rel_name) {
char *tmprel_name = 0;
char *tmpname = 0;
int nonlocal = 0;
if (*rel_name == '<') {
nonlocal = 1;
rel_name++;
}
flp_t *cfp = flm_cur_flp(this);
char **ps = this->paths;
if (!ps) return 0;
url_t *url = url_parts(rel_name);
if (!*url->ext) {
tmprel_name = cat(rel_name, ".h");
rel_name = tmprel_name;
}
free(url);
for (int i = -1; i < 0 || *ps; i++) {
char *folder;
if (i == -1) {
if (nonlocal || !cfp) {
continue;
}
folder = cfp->fl->url->dir; //try current dir
} else {
folder = *ps;
ps++;
}
tmpname = cat(folder, rel_name);
if (C.ctx->opt.exists(this,tmpname)) break;
free(tmpname);
tmpname = 0;
}
if (tmprel_name) free(tmprel_name);
return tmpname;
}
static void flm_location(flm_t *this, flmp_t *p) {
p->filename = 0;
p->macroname = 0;
p->row = 0;
p->col = 0;
for (int i = alen(C.fstack)-1; i >= 0; i--) {
flp_t *fp = C.fstack[i];
if (fp->fl->desc & MFL_MACRO) {
if (!p->macroname) p->macroname = fp->fl->name;
} else {
if (!p->filename) {
p->filename = fp->fl->name;
p->row = fp->row;
p->col = FL_COL(fp);
}
}
}
if (!p->filename) p->filename = "<none>";
}
static void flm_push(flm_t *this, mfl_t *f) {
mfl_ref(f);
U8 *shd = 0;
if (alen(C.fstack)) {
*alast(C.fstack) = C.flp;
shd = C.flp.shd;
}
flp_t *fp = new_flp(f);
aput(C.fstack, fp);
C.flp = *fp;
C.flp.shd = shd;
}
//include counter for each encountered file
static ku_t *flm_incnts = NULL;
static void flm_minclude(flm_t *this, char *name, U8 *base, U32 size, U32 flags)
{
if (!flm_incnts) {
shdefault(flm_incnts,0);
sh_new_arena(flm_incnts);
}
shput(flm_incnts, name, shget(flm_incnts,name)+1);
mfl_t *f = new_mfl(name, base, size);
f->desc |= flags;
f->flm = this;
flm_push(this, f);
}
static void flm_conclude(flm_t *this) {
U8 *shd = C.flp.shd;
if (C.flp.fl->desc&MFL_ROOT) return; // can't pop root
flp_t *fp = apop(C.fstack);
C.flp = *alast(C.fstack);
C.flp.shd = shd;
mfl_t *f = fp->fl;
if (f->ovrd) shput(C.ft, f->name, f->ovrd); //uncover old entry
del_flp(fp);
mfl_unref(f);
}
static void flm_include(flm_t *this, char *rel_name) {
char *resolved_name = 0;
char *filename;
if (alen(C.fstack)) resolved_name = flm_resolve(this, rel_name);
if (resolved_name) filename = resolved_name;
else filename = rel_name; //consider it being absolute name
mfl_t *f = shget(this->ft,filename);
if (f) {
flm_push(this, f);
return;
}
f = mfl_open(C.ctx, filename);
if (!f) fatalF(C.ctx, "Couldn't read `%s`", filename);
f->flm = this;
shput(C.ft, f->name, f);
flm_push(this, f);
if (resolved_name) free(resolved_name);
}
static void flm_init(flm_t *this, TCTX *ctx) {
memset(this, 0, sizeof(flm_t));
this->ctx = ctx;
sh_new_arena(this->ft); //copies keys to internal store
this->paths = ctx->opt.paths;
flm_minclude(this, "", "", 0, MFL_ROOT);
}
////////////////////////////// NRM SYMBOL //////////////////////////////////////
static sym_t *nrm_sref(CTX, char *name) {
sym_t *s = shget(C.st, name);
if (!s) {
s = malloc(sizeof(sym_t));
s->desc = SYM_NON;
s->name = strdup(name);
memset(s, 0, sizeof(sym_t));
shput(C.st, name, s);
aput(C.sl, s);
}
return s;
}
////////////////////////////// NRM INIT ////////////////////////////////////////
void nrm_opt_init(nrm_opt_t *o) {
memset(o, 0, sizeof(nrm_opt_t));
}
//assign's name to a register indexed by index
void nrm_name_reg(CTX, char *name, int index) {
sym_t *s = nrm_sref(this,name);
s->desc = SYM_REG;
s->v.w = index;
}
void nrm_init(CTX, nrm_opt_t *opt) {
if (!nrm_globals_ready) nrm_init_globals();
memset(this, 0, sizeof(nrm_t));
if (opt) memcpy(&C.opt, opt, sizeof(nrm_opt_t));
else nrm_opt_init(&C.opt);
sh_new_arena(C.st);
flm_init(&this->flm, this);
for (ki_t *rn = base_regs; rn->key; rn++) {
nrm_name_reg(this, rn->key, rn->value);
}
}
static nrm_t *new_nrm(nrm_opt_t *opt) {
nrm_t *this = malloc(sizeof(nrm_t));
nrm_init(this, opt);
return this;
}
static void del_nrm(CTX) {
flm_deinit(&this->flm);
free(this);
}
void nrm_cstr(CTX, char *cstr) {
flm_minclude(&this->flm, "<cstr>", cstr, strlen(cstr), 0);
}
////////////////////////// NRM OPERATIONS //////////////////////////////////////
typedef struct { //parsed instruction
U32 dsc; //binary description of the instruction
} nrm_nst_t;
//is end of stream, line feed or comment
#define ISNL(x) (ISFLE(x) || (x)=='\n')
#define ISNLC(x) (ISNL(x) || (x)==';')
//is argument end
#define ISWSNLC(x) (ISNLC(x) || ISWS(x))
#define ISAE(x) (ISWSNLC(x) || (x) == ',')
#define SKPAE(p) do { if (nx == ',') {rd(); SKPWS();} } while(0)
static char *get_dec(CTX) {
char *r = NULL;
while (isdigit(nx)) aput(r, rd());
aput(r,0);
return r;
}
static char *get_hex(CTX) {
char *r = NULL;
while (isxdigit(nx)) aput(r, rd());
aput(r,0);
return r;
}
#define NRM_ARG_SYM 0
#define NRM_ARG_IMM 1
#define NRM_ARG_REG 2
#define NRM_ARG_LST 3
#define NRM_ARG_ADR 4
#define NRM_ARG_SFT 5
//register set
#define NRM_ARG_RES 6
#define NRM_SFT_REG (1<<4)
typedef struct {
char *s; //readed string
int desc;
val_t v;
} nrm_arg_t;
static int issymchr(int c) {
return isalnum(c) || c == '_';
}
#define READ_NUM(name,base) \
S32 name; \
{SKPWS(); \
char *tmp_; \
int sign = 0; \
if (nx == '-') {sign=1; rd();} \
if (base==10) RDS(tmp_,isdigit); else RDS(tmp_,isxdigit); \
if (!tmp_[0]) fatal("number expected"); \
name = strtol(tmp_, 0, base); \
if (sign) name = -name;}
static U32 parse_stldm_type(U32 dsc, char *m) {
if (m[0]=='I') {
dsc |= NRM_UP;
if (m[1]=='B') dsc |= NRM_PRE;
else if (m[1]!='A') dsc = NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
} else if (m[0]=='D') {
if (m[1]=='B') dsc |= NRM_PRE;
else if (m[1]!='A') dsc = NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
} else {
if (dsc & NRM_STLD_LD) {
/* LDMFD=LDMIA, LDMFA=LDMDA, LDMED=LDMIB, LDMEA=LDMDB */
if (m[0]=='F') {
if (m[1]=='D') dsc |= NRM_UP;
else if (m[1]!='A') dsc = NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
} else if (m[0]=='E') {
dsc |= NRM_PRE;
if (m[1]=='D') dsc |= NRM_UP;
else if (m[1]!='A') dsc = NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
} else {
dsc = NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
}
} else {
/* STMFD=STMDB, STMFA=STMIB, STMED=STMDA, STMEA=STMIA */
if (m[0]=='F') {
dsc |= NRM_PRE;
if (m[1]=='A') dsc |= NRM_UP;
else if (m[1]!='D') dsc = NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
} else if (m[0]=='E') {
if (m[1]=='A') dsc |= NRM_UP;
else if (m[1]!='D') dsc = NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
} else {
dsc = NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
}
}
}
return dsc;
}
#define MAX_MM_LEN 7
static U32 parse_mnemonic(CTX, char *mm) {
U32 dsc;
char m[8], t[8];
int l = 0;
while ((m[l] = toupper(mm[l])))
if (++l == MAX_MM_LEN) return NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
switch (l) {
case 1: case 2: case 3:
dsc = shget(opcm, m);
if (dsc != NRM_BAD_OPCODE) {
if (NRM_IS_STLDM(dsc))
return NRM_BAD_OPCODE; //add a switch defaulting to dsc |= NRM_UP;
return dsc | (NRM_AL<<28);
}
if (l == 3 && m[0] == 'B') {
dsc = shget(cndm, m+1);
if (dsc != NRM_BAD_OPCODE) {
dsc |= NRM_B;
return dsc;
}
}
break;
case 4:
strncpy(t, m, 3);
t[3] = 0;
dsc = shget(opcm, t);
if (dsc == NRM_BAD_OPCODE) return dsc;
if (m[3] == 'S') {
if (!NRM_IS_DP(dsc)) return NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
dsc |= NRM_S;
} else if (m[0] == 'B' && m[1] == 'L') { //BLCC
dsc = shget(cndm, m+2);
dsc |= NRM_BL;
return dsc;
} else if (m[3] == 'B') { //LDRB/STRB
if (!NRM_IS_STLD(dsc)) return NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
dsc |= NRM_STLD_BYTE;
} else if (m[3] == 'T') { //LDRT/STRT
if (!NRM_IS_STLD(dsc)) return NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
dsc |= NRM_STLD_TRANS;
} else if (m[3] == 'P') { //CMPP/CMNP/TSTP/TEQP
U32 opc = NRM_OPC(dsc);
if (!NRM_IS_CTDP(opc)) return NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
dsc |= (0xF<<12);
} else {
return NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
}
dsc |= NRM_AL<<28;
break;
case 5:
strncpy(t, m, 3);
t[3] = 0;
dsc = shget(opcm, t) | (NRM_AL<<28);
if (NRM_IS_STLDM(dsc)) return parse_stldm_type(dsc,m+3);
if (m[3] == 'B' && m[4] == 'T' && NRM_IS_STLD(dsc)) {
dsc |= NRM_STLD_BYTE|NRM_STLD_TRANS;
} else {
dsc |= shget(cndm, m+3);
}
break;
case 6:
strncpy(t, m, 3);
t[3] = 0;
dsc = shget(opcm, m);
strncpy(t, m+3, 2);
dsc |= shget(cndm, t);
if (NRM_IS_DP(dsc)) { //ADDEQS, etc..
if (m[5] != 'S') return NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
dsc |= NRM_S;
} else if (NRM_IS_STLD(dsc)) { //LDREQB, erc..
if (m[5] == 'B') dsc |= NRM_STLD_BYTE;
else if (m[5] == 'T') dsc |= NRM_STLD_TRANS;
else return NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
} else {
return NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
}
break;
case 7:
strncpy(t, m, 3);
t[3] = 0;
dsc = shget(opcm, t);
if (NRM_IS_STLDM(dsc)) { //STMLOIA, etc..
strncpy(t, m+3, 2);
dsc |= shget(cndm, t);
dsc = parse_stldm_type(dsc,m+5);
} else if (NRM_IS_STLD(dsc)) { //LDRVCBT, etc..
if (m[5] != 'B' && m[6] != 'T') return NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
dsc |= NRM_STLD_BYTE|NRM_STLD_TRANS;
} else {
return NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
}
strncpy(t, m+3, 2);
dsc |= shget(cndm, t);
break;
default:
dsc = NRM_BAD_OPCODE;
}
return dsc;
}
void nrm_skip_comment(CTX) {
while (!ISNLC(nx) || nx == ';') rd();
if (nx == '\n') rd();
}
void nrm_skip_till_eol(CTX) {
while (!ISNL(nx)) rd();
if (nx == '\n') rd();
}
static void nrm_set_label(CTX, char *l, U32 pc) {
sym_t *s = nrm_sref(this,l);
s->desc = SYM_LBL;
s->v.w = pc;
}
static void nrm_outw(CTX, U32 w) {
uint8_t *out = C.out;
aput(out, w&0xFF);
aput(out, (w>>8)&0xFF);
aput(out, (w>>16)&0xFF);
aput(out, w>>24);
C.out = out;
}
static void nrm_do_expr(CTX) { //processes single expression
LHP(256); //temporary area for parsing mnemonic and args
char shd[512]; //shadow copy of this input line
char *m, *l;
nrm_arg_t as[5];
int n = 0; //nargs
cflp_save();
cflp_shd(shd);
read_label:
//ObjAsm labels variables always begin at the start of a line,
//everything else gets indented.
if (ISWS(nx)) {
l = "";
SKPWS();
} else if (nx == ';') {
nrm_skip_comment(this);
goto read_label;
} else {
RDS(l,!ISWSNLC); SKPWS();
}
read_mnemonic:
if (nx == '\n') {
rd();
if (*l) {
SKPWS();
goto read_mnemonic;
}
goto read_label;
}
if (ISFLE(nx)) {
if (*l) nrm_set_label(this, l, alen(C.out));
return;
}
//fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", m);
RDS(m,!ISWSNLC); SKPWS();
U32 dsc = parse_mnemonic(this, m);
//U32 dsc = shget(opctbl, m);
if (dsc == NRM_BAD_OPCODE) {
int dct = shget(dctm, m);
U32 pc = alen(C.out);
if (!dct) fatal("unknown operation `%s`", m);
if (dct == NRM_D_EQU) { //these are akin to argless C99 macros
if (!*l) fatal("EQU without a label.");
char *v;
RDS(v,!ISNLC);
if (nx == '\n') rd();
sym_t *s = nrm_sref(this,l);
s->desc = SYM_EQU;
s->v.s = strdup(v);
*l = 0; //consume label
} else if (dct == NRM_D_AREA) {
nrm_skip_till_eol(this); //ignored for now
} else if (dct == NRM_D_ENTRY) {
nrm_skip_till_eol(this); //for now we assume 1st opcode to be entry
} else if (dct == NRM_D_DCB) {
if (nx == '\"') {
rd();
for (;;) { //FIXME: implement option of C escapes
int ch = rd();
if (ch == FLE) fatal("EOF in string");
if (ch == '\"') {
aput(C.out, 0);
break;
}
aput(C.out, ch);
}
} else if (isdigit(nx)) {
READ_NUM(v,10);
if ((U32)v > 255) fatal("DCB value is invalid");
aput(C.out, v);
} else {
fatal("DCB value is invalid");
}
} else if (dct == NRM_D_DCD) {
if (nx == '&') {
rd();
READ_NUM(v,16);
nrm_outw(this, v);
nrm_skip_till_eol(this);
} else {
fatal("DCD value is invalid");
}
} else if (dct == NRM_D_ALIGN) { //FIXME: implement optional arguments
while (alen(C.out)&0x3) aput(C.out, 0);
} else if (dct == NRM_D_END) {
nrm_skip_till_eol(this);
} else{
fatal("directive `%s` is unimplemented", m);
}
if (*l) nrm_set_label(this, l, pc);
return; //it is possible we got END
}
if (*l) nrm_set_label(this, l, alen(C.out));
U32 cls = NRM_CLS(dsc);
//fprintf(stderr, "%x\n", dsc);
int bo = 0; //opening bracket
int bd = 0; //bracket depth
int bs = -1; //bracket start
int be = -1; //bracket end
int wb = 0; //write-back
int nr = 0; //negative register
for (; !ISNLC(nx) && n < 5; n++) {
int c;
cflp_save(); //save file position for error reporting
nrm_arg_t *a = &as[n];
arg_retry:
c = nx;
if (isalpha(c)) {
RDS(a->s,issymchr);
//a->v.s
sym_t *sym = shget(C.st, a->s);
if (sym) {
if (sym->desc == SYM_REG) {
a->desc = NRM_ARG_REG;
a->v.w = sym->v.w;
} else if (sym->desc == SYM_EQU) {
flm_minclude(&this->flm, "<EQU>", sym->v.s, strlen(sym->v.s), 0);
goto arg_retry;
} else if (sym->desc == SYM_LBL) {
a->desc = NRM_ARG_IMM;
U32 v = sym->v.w;
if (cls != NRM_CLS_DPR && cls != NRM_CLS_DPI) {
if (cls == NRM_CLS_STLDI) bo = '[';
a->v.sw = v;
} else {
a->v.w = nrm_enc_imm(v);
if (a->v.w == NRM_BAD_IMM) fatal("can't encode `%d`", v);
}
} else {
if (cls == NRM_CLS_B_BL) {
//we the lable have value already we just provide it as immediate
//otherwise we will register it with nrm_t.labels
fatal("implement labeled branches");
} else {
fatal("`%s` is unexpected", a->s);
}
}
} else if (strlen(a->s) == 3) {
int base = 10;
char s[4];
strncpy(s, a->s, 3);
s[3] = 0;
upcase(s,s);
int shtype = -1;
int is_rrx = 0;
if (!strcmp(s,"LSL")) shtype = NRM_O_LSL;
else if (!strcmp(s,"LSR")) shtype = NRM_O_LSR;
else if (!strcmp(s,"ASR")) shtype = NRM_O_ASR;
else if (!strcmp(s,"ROR")) shtype = NRM_O_ROR;
else if (!strcmp(s,"RRX")) {
shtype = NRM_O_ROR;
is_rrx = 1;
} else {
fatal("`%s` is unexpected", a->s);
}
a->desc = NRM_ARG_SFT;
SKPWS();
if (is_rrx) {
a->v.w = 0;
} else if (nx == '#' || nx == '&' || ISWS(nx)) {
if (nx == '#') {
rd();
}
if (nx == '&') {
base = 16;
}
READ_NUM(v,base)
if (v > 31) fatal("shift value `%d` is larger than 31", v);
a->v.w = (v<<7) | (shtype<<5);
} else if (isalpha(c)) {
RDS(a->s,issymchr);
sym_t *sym = shget(C.st, a->s);
if (!sym || sym->desc != SYM_REG) {
fatal("`%s` is unexpected", a->s);
}
a->v.w = (sym->v.w<<8)|NRM_SFT_REG;
} else {
fatal("operand %d is invalid", n);
}
} else {
if (C.pass == 0) {
dld_t dld;
FLLOC(row,col,name,cflp_saved());
dld.row = row; dld.col = col; dld.name = strdup(name);
dld.pc = alen(C.out);
nrm_skip_till_eol(this); //ignored for now
*cflp->shd = 0;
cflp->shd = 0;
dld.expr = strdup(shd);
aput(C.dld,dld);
aput(C.out,0); aput(C.out,0); aput(C.out,0); aput(C.out,0);
return;
} else {
fatal("symbol `%s` is undefined", a->s);
}
}
} else if (c == '#') {
int base = 10;
rd();
SKPWS();
if (nx == '\"') {
int tc = rd();
RDS(a->s,!ISTC);
rd();
if (strlen(a->s)>1)
fatal("char literal #\"%s\" is too big", a->s);
a->v.w = a->s[0]; //assume ASCII
} else {
if (nx == '&') {
read_hex_imm:
base = 16;
rd();
}
a->desc = NRM_ARG_IMM;
READ_NUM(v,base);
if (cls != NRM_CLS_DPR && cls != NRM_CLS_DPI) {
if (cls == NRM_CLS_STLDI) bo = '[';
a->v.sw = v;
} else {
a->v.w = nrm_enc_imm(v);
if (a->v.w == NRM_BAD_IMM) fatal("can't encode `%d`", v);
}
}
} else if (c == '&') {
goto read_hex_imm;
} else if (c == '=') {
fatal("implement `=` reading.");
} else if (c == '|') {
fatal("implement `|` reading.");
} else if (c == '[') {
if (bo) fatal("unexpected `%c`", c);
rd();
bo = c;
bd++;
bs = n;
n--;
} else if (c == ']') {
rd();
if (bo!='[') fatal("unexpected `%c`",c);
be = n;
bd--;
n--;
} else if (c == '-') {
if (cls != NRM_CLS_STLDI) fatal("unexpected `%c`",c);
rd();
nr = n;
n--;
} else if (c == '!') {
if (cls != NRM_CLS_STLDI && cls != NRM_CLS_STLDM)
fatal("unexpected `%c`",c);
rd();
wb = n;
n--;
} else if (c == '{') {
if (cls != NRM_CLS_STLDM) fatal("unexpected `%c`",c);
rd();
U32 regs = 0;
int prev = -1;
int interp = 0;
SKPWS();
for (;;) {
int c = nx;
if (isalpha(c)) {
RDS(a->s,issymchr);
sym_t *sym = shget(C.st, a->s);
if (!sym || sym->desc != SYM_REG) fatal("`%s` is unexpected", a->s);
if (interp) {
interp = 0;
int a = prev;
int b = sym->v.w;
if (a > b) {
int t = b;
b = a-1;
a = t-1;
}
while (a++ < b) regs |= 1<<a;
prev = sym->v.w;
} else {
prev = sym->v.w;
regs |= 1<<prev;
}
} else if (c == '-') {
rd();
interp = 1;
} else if (c == ',') {
rd();
} else if (c == '}') {
rd();
break;
} else {
fatal("unexpected `%c`",c);
}
}
SKPWS();
if (nx == '^') {
rd();
regs |= NRM_LOAD_PSR_FORCE_USER_MODE;
}
as[n].desc = NRM_ARG_RES;
as[n].v.w = regs;
} else {
fatal("operand %d is invalid", n);
}
SKPWS();
SKPAE();
}
if (n > 4) fatal("too many operands"); //too many args
if (bo) {
if (bd) fatal("unclosed `%c`", bo);
int bn = be-bs;
if (n == 0 || (bn > 1 && be != n)) fatal("invalid `%c` specification", bo);
}
//skip comment till EOL
if (nx == ';') nrm_skip_comment(this);
//printf("l=%s m=%s a=%s b=%s c=%s d=%s\n", l, m,a,b,c,d);
switch (cls) {
case NRM_CLS_DPR: case NRM_CLS_DPI:
//should we allow partially encoded opcodes
//if (n != 2) fatal("too %s operands", n > 2 ? "many" : "little");
if (n < 2) fatal("too little operands");
if (as[0].desc != NRM_ARG_REG) fatal("operand 0 is invalid");
U32 opc = NRM_OPC(dsc);
if (NRM_IS_CTDP(opc)) dsc |= as[0].v.w<<16;
else dsc |= as[0].v.w<<12;
if (as[1].desc == NRM_ARG_REG) dsc |= as[1].v.w;
else if (as[1].desc == NRM_ARG_IMM) dsc |= as[1].v.w;
else fatal("operand 1 is invalid");
if (n > 2) {
if (as[2].desc == NRM_ARG_SFT && as[1].desc == NRM_ARG_REG) {
dsc |= as[2].v.w;
} else {
fatal("operand 2 is invalid");
}
if (n > 3) {
fatal("finish implementing DP opcodes");
}
}
break;
case NRM_CLS_STLDI: //NRM_CLS_STLDR can't occur before this switch
if (n < 2) fatal("too little operands");
if (n > 4) fatal("too many operands");
if (wb && (wb != n || n == 2)) fatal("unexpected `%c`",'!');
if (as[0].desc != NRM_ARG_REG) fatal("operand 0 is invalid");
int trans = 0;
if (dsc&0x1) {
trans = 1;
dsc ^= 1;
}
dsc |= as[0].v.w<<12;
if (bo != '[') fatal("missing [...] base");
if (as[1].desc == NRM_ARG_REG) {
dsc |= as[1].v.w<<16; //base register
} else if (as[1].desc == NRM_ARG_IMM) {
if (n > 2) { fatal("offset is invalid"); }
dsc |= 15<<16; //pc relative addressing
S32 sw = (S32)as[1].v.w - (S32)this->pc - 8;
if (sw >= 0) dsc |= NRM_UP;
else sw = -sw;
dsc |= sw;
} else {
fatal("base register is invalid");
}
if (n == 2) {
dsc |= NRM_UP; //FIXME: should we really add these?
//consult objasm output
if (!trans) dsc |= NRM_PRE;
} else {
if (as[2].desc == NRM_ARG_IMM) {
S32 sw = as[1].v.w;
if (sw >= 0) dsc |= NRM_UP;
else sw = -sw;
dsc |= sw;
} else if (as[2].desc == NRM_ARG_REG) {
dsc |= (NRM_CLS_STLDR<<25);
dsc |= as[2].v.w;
if (nr && nr == 2) nr = 0;
else dsc |= NRM_UP;
} else {
fatal("offset is invalid");
}
if (wb) dsc |= NRM_WRITEBACK;
if (be == n) if (!trans) dsc |= NRM_PRE;
else {
if (wb && wb != be) fatal("unexpected `%c`",'!');
}
if (n > 3) {
if (as[3].desc == NRM_ARG_SFT && as[2].desc == NRM_ARG_REG) {
dsc |= as[3].v.w;
} else {
fatal("operand 2 is invalid");
}
}
}
if (nr) fatal("unexpected `%c`",'-'); //placed somewhere randomly
break;
case NRM_CLS_STLDM:
if (n != 2) fatal("too %s operands", n > 2 ? "many" : "little");
if (wb) {
if (wb != 1) fatal("unexpected `%c`",'!');
dsc |= NRM_WRITEBACK;
}
if (as[0].desc == NRM_ARG_REG) dsc |= as[0].v.w<<16; //base register
else fatal("base register is invalid");
if (as[1].desc == NRM_ARG_RES) dsc |= as[1].v.w; //base register
else fatal("register set is invalid");
break;
case NRM_CLS_B_BL:
if (n != 1) fatal("too %s operands", n > 1 ? "many" : "little");
if (as[0].desc != NRM_ARG_IMM) fatal("immediate expected");
//FIXME: this code should be moved into a seprate function
// since it can be reused for patching
S32 sw = as[0].v.sw;
if (sw & 0x3) fatal("unaligned destination");
sw -= 8; //PC - 2 instructions
if (sw < 0) sw = (U32)sw & 0x3FFFFFF;
dsc |= sw>>2;
break;
case NRM_CLS_SWI:
if (n != 1) fatal("too %s operands", n > 1 ? "many" : "little");
if (as[0].desc != NRM_ARG_IMM) fatal("immediate expected");
#define MAX_SWI_INDEX 0xFFFFFF
if (as[0].v.w > MAX_SWI_INDEX)
fatal("SWI number is larger than %d", MAX_SWI_INDEX);
dsc |= as[0].v.w;
break;
default:
fatal("operation `%s` is unimplemented", m);
break;
}
do_output:
nrm_outw(this, dsc);
}
static uint8_t *nrm_do(CTX) {
C.pass = 0;
C.out = 0;
while (!ISFLE(nx)) {
this->pc = alen(this->out);
nrm_do_expr(this);
if (nx == '\n') rd();
}
U8 *r = C.out;
C.out = 0;
C.pass++;
for (int i = 0; i < alen(C.dld); i++) {
C.dldi = i;
flm_minclude(&this->flm, C.dld[i].name, C.dld[i].expr
,strlen(C.dld[i].expr), 0);
U32 spc = alen(C.out);
this->pc = C.dld[i].pc;
nrm_do_expr(this);
U32 dpc = C.dld[i].pc;
while (spc < alen(C.out)) r[dpc++] = C.out[spc++]; //patch it
}
arrfree(C.out);
C.out = 0;
return r;
}
void nrm_include(CTX, char *filename) {
flm_include(&C.flm, filename);
}
/////////////////////// NRM PROCESSING LOOP ////////////////////////////////////
static uint8_t *nrm_do_cstr(nrm_opt_t *opt, char *cstr) {
nrm_t *nrm = new_nrm(opt);
nrm_cstr(nrm, cstr);
uint8_t *r = nrm_do(nrm);
del_nrm(nrm);
return r;
}
static uint8_t *nrm_do_file(nrm_opt_t *opt, char *filename) {
nrm_t *nrm = new_nrm(opt);
nrm_include(nrm, filename);
uint8_t *r = nrm_do(nrm);
del_nrm(nrm);
return r;
}
/////////////////////////// STANDALONE /////////////////////////////////////////
#ifdef NRM_STANDALONE
//////////////////////////// ncu_file.h ////////////////////////////////////////
#define FILE_SIZE_ERROR 0xFFFFFFFF
static uint32_t fileSize(char *filename) {
FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "rb");
if (!fp) return FILE_SIZE_ERROR;
fseek(fp, 0L, SEEK_END);
uint32_t sz = ftell(fp);
fclose(fp);
return sz;
}
static uint8_t *fileGet(uint32_t *rsize, char *filename) {
uint32_t sz = fileSize(filename);
if (sz == FILE_SIZE_ERROR) return 0;
FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "rb");
if (!fp) return 0;
*rsize = sz;
uint8_t *p = 0;
arrsetlen(p, sz+1);
p[sz] = 0;
fread(p, 1, sz, fp);
fclose(fp);
return p;
}
static int fileSet(char *filename, uint8_t *data, uint32_t size) {
FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "wb");
if (!fp) return 0;
fwrite(data, 1, size, fp);
fclose(fp);
return 1;
}
static int fileExist(char *filename) {
FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "rb");
if (!fp) return 0;
fclose(fp);
return 1;
}
//////////////////////////////// MAIN //////////////////////////////////////////
#define XD_NO 0x80
static void xd(uint8_t *p, int n, uint32_t s, uint32_t opt) {
int i;
int ll = (opt&0xFF);
int j = 0;
if (!(opt&XD_NO)) printf("%06x: ", s);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
printf("%02X", p[i]);
if (++j == ll || i+1 == n) {
printf("\n");
if (!(opt&XD_NO) && i+1 != n) printf("%06x: ", s+i+1);
j = 0;
} else {
printf(" ");
}
}
}
static void cbFatal(void *ncm, char *macro
,char *file, int row, int col, char *text) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d:%d\n", file, row+1, col+1);
if (macro)
fprintf(stderr, " During macro expansion `%s`\n", macro);
fprintf(stderr, " Fatal: %s\n", text);
exit(-1);
}
static uint8_t *cbGet(void *handle, uint32_t *rsize, char *filename) {
return fileGet(rsize, filename);
}
static int cbExists(void *handle, char *filename) {
return fileExist(filename);
}
static void p(char *s) {
printf("%s\n", s);
}
void usage() {
p("NRM 0.1 New ARM Assembler by Nancy Sadkov (public domain CC0 version)");
p("");
p("Usage: nrm [keyword arguments] sourcefile objectfile");
//FIXME: implement rest of the ObJAsm options below
#if 0
p(" nrm [keyword arguments] -o objectfile sourcefile");
p("Keyword options (upper case shows allowable abbreviation):");
p("");
p("-Help Output this infomation");
p("-LIST <file> Create a listing file:");
p(" -NOTerse Terse flag off (default on)");
p(" -Width <n> Listing page width (default 79)");
p(" -Length <n> Listing page length (default 66)");
p(" -Xref List X-ref info on symbols (default off)");
p("-VIA <file> Read in extra comm line arguments from <file>");
p("-ERRors <file> Write error output to file");
p("-LIttleend Assemble code for little-endian memory");
p("-BIgend Assemble code for big-endian memory");
p("-Apcs NONE|3<quals> Specify variany of APCS in use (in any)");
p("-Depend <file> Write 'make' source file dependency information to <file>");
p("-ThrowBack Support error processing by Desktop Tools & compliant tools");
p("-DeskTop Set the work directory for the assembler as <dir>");
p("-Esc Enable C-style escape sequences (eg '\n', '\t')");
p("-UpperCase Recognise instruction mnemonics in upper case only");
p("-I <dir>[,<dir>] Include <dir>s on the source file search path");
p("-CPU <target-cpu> Set the target ARM core type");
p("-PreDefine <directive> Pre-execute a SET{A|L|S} directive");
p("-G Output ASD debugging tables");
p("-NOCache Turn off source caching (default on)");
p("-MaxCache <n> Set maximum source cache size (default 8MB)");
p("-ABSolute Accept AAsm source code");
p("-NOWarn Disable all warning messages");
p("");
p("");
p("-FRom, -TO, -Print Supported for backward compatibility");
p("-Quit Recognised for backward compatibility, but ignored");
#endif
exit(0);
}
#if 0
//the below struct is for reference header only
//dont cast/memcpy it as is, since we want this code
//to work on big endian machines
typedef struct {
/*00*/U32 bl_decompress; //NOP if the image is not compressed.
/*04*/U32 bl_relocate; //NOP if the image is not self-relocating.
/*08*/U32 bl_init; //NOP if the image has none.
/*0C*/U32 entry; //either BL to entry or an offset for non executables
//Non-executable AIF uses an offset, not BL
/*10*/U32 swi_os_exit; //...last ditch in case of return.
/*14*/U32 ro_sz; //Includes header size if executable AIF;
//excludes headser size if non-executable AIF.
/*18*/U32 rw_sz; //Exact size - a multiple of 4 bytes
/*1C*/U32 debug_sz; //Exact size - a multiple of 4 bytes
/*20*/U32 zero_sz; //`.bss` section size, cleared by bl_init
//a multiple of 4 bytes
/*24*/U32 debug_type; //0, 1, 2, or 3
/*28*/U32 base; //Address the image (code) was linked at.
//typically 0x8000
/*2C*/U32 workspace; //Min work space - in bytes - to be reserved
//preallocates heap
/*30*/U32 mode; //Address mode: 26/32 + 3 flag bytes
//LS byte contains 26 or 32;
//bit 8 set when using a separate data base.
/*34*/U32 data_base; //Address the image data was linked at.
/*38*/U32 reserved0; //set to 0
/*3C*/U32 reserved1; //set to 0
/*40*/U32 bl_debug_init; //NOP if unused.
/*44*/U32 init[15]; //init code; typically zeroes zero_sz bytes of bss
} aifhdr_t;
#endif
//basic header which just transfers control to the code below it
static uint8_t nrm_aif_header[0x80] = {
0x00, 0x00, 0xA0, 0xE1,
0x00, 0x00, 0xA0, 0xE1,
0x00, 0x00, 0xA0, 0xE1,
0x1B, 0x00, 0x00, 0xEB,
0x11, 0x00, 0x00, 0xEF,
0xAC, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x1A, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0xA0, 0xE1,
0x0F, 0xC0, 0x4E, 0xE0,
0x0C, 0xC0, 0x8F, 0xE0,
0x0F, 0x00, 0x9C, 0xE9,
0x10, 0xC0, 0x4C, 0xE2,
0x30, 0x20, 0x9C, 0xE5,
0x01, 0x0C, 0x12, 0xE3,
0x34, 0xC0, 0x9C, 0x15,
0x00, 0xC0, 0x8C, 0x00,
0x01, 0xC0, 0x8C, 0xE0,
0x00, 0x00, 0xA0, 0xE3,
0x00, 0x00, 0x53, 0xE3,
0x0E, 0xF0, 0xA0, 0xD1,
0x04, 0x00, 0x8C, 0xE4,
0x04, 0x30, 0x53, 0xE2,
0xFB, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xEA
};
int nrm_dump_aif(char *filename, uint8_t *r, uint32_t len) {
FILE *f = fopen(filename, "wb");
if (!f) return -1;
fwrite(nrm_aif_header, 1, 0x80, f);
fwrite(r, 1, len, f);
fclose(f);
return 0;
}
static void b2c(uint8_t *p, int n) {
int i;
int j = 0;
printf(" ");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
printf("0x%02X", p[i]);
if (++j == 4 || i+1 == n) {
printf(",\n");
printf(" ");
j = 0;
} else {
printf(", ");
}
}
printf("\n");
}
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
nrm_opt_t o;
nrm_opt_init(&o);
o.fatal = cbFatal;
o.exists = cbExists;
o.get = cbGet;
#if 0
uint32_t fsz;
uint8_t *p = fileGet(&fsz, argv[2]);
b2c(p, 0x80);
exit(-1);
#endif
//printf("%s,%s\n", argv[1], argv[2]);
#if 1
if (argc != 3) usage();
uint8_t *r = nrm_do_file(&o, argv[1]);
//xd(r, alen(r), 0x8080, 4);
if (nrm_dump_aif(argv[2], r, alen(r))) {
fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't creare `%s`\n", argv[2]);
exit(-1);
}
arrfree(r);
#else
uint8_t *r = nrm_do_cstr(&o, "label ldmib r12,{r0,r1,r2,r3} ;; Comment!");
xd(r, alen(r), 0, 4);
#endif
return 0;
}
#endif /*NRM_STANDALONE*/
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