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Mixture of benzoic acid + 4-(benzyloxy)phenol + biphenyl
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   Dissolve in ether (organic solvent)
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 Add NaHCO₃ (weak base) → extracts benzoic acid → aqueous layer (Na⁺ benzoate)
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 Acidify with HCl → benzoic acid precipitates → isolate by vacuum filtration
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Remaining organic layer → Add NaOH (strong base)
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 Extracts phenol → aqueous layer (phenoxide ion)
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 Acidify with HCl → 4-(benzyloxy)phenol precipitates → isolate by vacuum filtration
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Remaining ether layer → contains biphenyl
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 Dry with MgSO₄ → gravity filter → rotary evaporate ether
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           Crude biphenyl